NOAA Coral Reef Watch program 20061001 0.3 Remote sensing image, HDF data, KML, Google Earth, webpage Silver Spring, Maryland, USA NOAA Coral Reef Watch program http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/doldrums_v2/index.html The NOAA Coral Reef Watch (CRW) experimental daily satellite Sea Surface Wind Doldrums product is part of the CRW near-real-time global satellite coral bleaching monitoring product suite. The Doldrums product was initially implemented on October 1, 2006 and continues to provide updated monitoring information daily. The latest version, Version 0.3, was implemented on November 24, 2008. This metadata file provides information on the product for the most recent near-real-time updates and the archived and retrospectively-produced product dating back to June 1, 2004. The current version of the product is derived from the experimental 6-hourly near-real-time NOAA/NESDIS National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) blended satellite sea surface winds product. Wind speeds used for deriving the CRW Doldrums product were generated by blending observations from multiple satellites. The blended product offers, globally, 0.25 degree x 0.25 degree ocean surface (10-meter height) winds interpolated from observations from up to six satellites. The blending of multiple satellite observations allows for greatly enhanced temporal resolution (up to 6-hourly). The satellites that have contributed to the Doldrums product include Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) sensors flown on-board the United States Air Force Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) F13, F14, and F15 satellites; the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission's (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI) on-board the TRMM satellite; SeaWinds scatterometer on-board the Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) satellite; and the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer - Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) sensor on NASA's Aqua satellite. CRW uses wind speed data from these satellites to identify regions of low wind conditions, defined here as exhibiting a daily mean of less than 3 meters per second (i.e. "doldrums"). The duration of doldrums events is then tracked by accumulating the number of days over which this condition is met (doldrums days). As an experimental product, CRW's Sea Surface Wind Doldrums product undergoes continual development and refinement to determine the best configuration for the algorithm and to test its utility against past bleaching events. While basin-scale coral bleaching occurs as a result of large-scale climate phenomena, local weather patterns greatly influence bleaching variability among sites within a basin. Three related factors that influence local bleaching patterns are temperature, light, and mixing. One parameter that exerts a common influence over all of these is wind. As wind speed falls, there is reduced vertical mixing, evaporative cooling, and sensible heat transfer, increasing the likelihood of adverse temperature excursions during summertime maximum water temperatures (Mumby et al. 2001, Dunne and Brown 2001, Skirving and Guinotte 2001, Obura 2005). In addition, pronounced stratification that can result under low-wind conditions can enhance photo-degradation of colored dissolved organic material, thereby reducing shading over corals and enhancing the likelihood of bleaching (Manzello et al., 2006). Related details, as well as other important information, are provided in each HDF data file. The Sea Surface Wind Doldrums product is available in various formats, including static image, HDF data, and Google Earth. The product, its detailed description, and available data formats and delivery mechanisms are accessible at: http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/doldrums_v2/index.html. The NOAA Coral Reef Watch program seeks to fully utilize space-based observations combined with in-situ data to continually monitor for early indications of thermally-induced coral reef bleaching worldwide. A suite of monitoring and predicting products, including this satellite Sea Surface Wind Doldrums product, has been developed by CRW as a decision support system to provide critical and timely coral reef environment information to the U.S. and international coral reef communities. The entire suite of products mentioned in this metadata file is accessible at: http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite 20040601 Present Ground Condition In Work Daily -180 180 89.875 -89.875 CoRIS Theme Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Diseases > Bleaching CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Map Images > Sea Surface Wind none NOAA CoRIS Coral Reef Watch chart oceanography wind Doldrums accumulation monitoring assessment remote sensing satellite image map sea surface sea surface wind thermal stress stress decision support system ISO 19115 Topic Category oceans 014 CoRIS Region MHI NWHI Guam CNMI AmSam PRIA Florida FGB PR USVI Navassa Palau FSM RMI CoRIS Place Thesaurus OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean OCEAN BASIN > Indian Ocean OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea > Virgin Islands > Lesser Antilles > U. S. Virgin Islands (17N064W0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > U. S. Virgin Islands > U. S. Virgin Islands > U. S. Virgin Islands (17N064W0000) OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea > Navassa Island > Navassa Island > Navassa Island (18N075W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Navassa Island > Navassa Island > Navassa Island (18N075W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea /North Atlantic Ocean > Puerto Rico > Puerto Rico (18N066W0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Puerto Rico > Puerto Rico (18N066W0000) OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Gulf of Mexico > Flower Garden Banks > West Flower Garden Banks (27N093W0002) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Texas > West Flower Garden Banks (27N093W0002) OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Gulf of Mexico > Flower Garden Banks > East Flower Garden Banks (27N093W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Texas > East Flower Garden Banks (27N093W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (28N178W0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (28N178W0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > American Samoa (14S170W0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > American Samoa (14S170W0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Johnston Atoll > Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Jarvis Island (00S160W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Jarvis Island (00S160W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Kingman Reef (06N162W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Kingman Reef (06N162W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Palmyra Atoll (05N162W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Palmyra Atoll (05N162W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Howland Island > Howland Island (00S176W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Howland Island (00S176W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Baker Island > Baker Island (00N176W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Baker Island (00N176W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Guam > Guam (13N144E0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Guam > Guam (13N144E0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Carolines > Palau ( Belau ) (07N134E0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Palau > Palau > Palau ( Belau ) (07N134E0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Carolines > Micronesia (07N150E0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Micronesia > Micronesia (07N150E0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Marshall Islands > Marshall Islands (09N168E0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Marshall Islands > Marshall Islands > Marshall Islands (09N168E0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Mariana Archipelago > Northern Mariana Islands ( CNMI ) (18N146E0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Northern Mariana Islands > Northern Mariana Islands ( CNMI ) (18N146E0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Wake Atoll > Wake Atoll (19N167E0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Wake Atoll (19N167E0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Florida OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > Florida OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Gulf of Mexico > Florida none globe Western hemisphere Eastern hemisphere Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Indian Ocean none real time near real time present current past none Not intended for legal use. Data may contain low inaccuracies. NOAA Coral Reef Watch program NOAA Coral Reef Watch Coordinator mailing and physical address

NOAA, E/RA31, SSMC1, Room 5308, 1335 East-West Highway

Silver Spring Maryland 20910-3226 USA 301-713-2857 ext 109 301-713-3136 coralreefwatch@noaa.gov http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/doldrums_v2/data/current/doldrums_map_xlarge.gif This is the most recent image of the NOAA CRW experimental near-real-time daily global 25-km satellite Sea Surface Wind Doldrums product. GIF The accuracy of the Doldrums product depends on the accuracy of the source data from the NOAA/NESDIS/NCDC blended satellite sea surface winds product. The description of the NCDC blended winds product can be accessed at http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/rsad/air-sea/seawinds.html. none There are time-dependent spatial data gaps in this data set; however, there is no missing daily product. This daily Doldrums product is produced using six-hourly wind data from NOAA/NESDIS/NCDC. Data gaps in the daily product at low- and mid-latitudes occur because the satellites being used are not able to provide complete global coverage on a daily basis. Gaps at high-latitudes are caused by sea ice cover preventing the satellite measurement. As an experimental product, the Doldrums product undergoes continual development and refinement to determine the algorithm's best configuration and to test its utility against past bleaching events. The product algorithm has not been changed since its inauguration. The current source wind product from NOAA/NESDIS/NCDC is an experimental product. Any change taking place in the source wind product will alter the quality of the Doldrums product. Source wind data used for making this Doldrums product were changed once after the Doldrums product was first released. The entire Doldrums product was reprocessed, using the new wind data set, and the first version of the Doldrums product was discarded because the new source wind data were at much higher temporal resolution. The description on the Coral Reef Watch web site is for the current version of the Doldrums product. No history of change has been posted on the web yet, as the Doldrums product is still in an early experimental stage. Users are referred to the following blended satellite sea surface winds product web site for information: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/rsad/air-sea/seawinds.html none CRW's 25-km Sea Surface Wind Doldrums product was produced experimentally by CRW based on the NOAA/NESDIS/NCDC 6-hourly blended satellite sea surface winds product, which was developed from sea surface wind observations from up to six satellites. The source sea surface wind data are accessible at: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/rsad/air-sea/seawinds.html. Not complete Raster Grid Cell 719 1440 0.25 0.25 Decimal Degrees Grid Intersection There are 1440 grid intersections in each row (at a pre-defined latitude) and 719 grid intersections in each column (at a pre-defined longitude). Each grid is 0.25 degree latitude by 0.25 degree longitude in size, centered at latitudes of from 89.75N northward to 89.75N and at longitudes of from 0.0 eastward to 359.75. http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/doldrums_v2/index.html HDF data files These are CRW satellite Sea Surface Wind Doldrums data. http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/doldrums_v2/index.html 0 31 Days SST image files in GIF format These are the image display of CRW satellite Sea Surface Wind Doldrums data. http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/doldrums_v2/index.html 0 255 Index color values NOAA Coral Reef Watch program NOAA Coral Reef Watch Coordinator mailing and physical address

NOAA, E/RA31, SSMC1, Room 5308, 1335 East-West Highway

Silver Spring Maryland 20910-3226 USA 301-713-2857 ext 109 301-713-3136 coralreefwatch@noaa.gov Downloadable Data NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system. HTML Doldrums webpage http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/doldrums_v2/index.html CD-ROM none The data formats provided are commonly used data formats. HDF Doldrums data http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/doldrums_v2/index.html CD-ROM none The data formats provided are commonly used data formats. GIF Doldrums images http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/doldrums_v2/index.html CD-ROM none The data formats provided are commonly used data formats. KML Doldrums Google Earth Display http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/doldrums_v2/index.html CD-ROM none The data formats provided are commonly used data formats. none The product in various formats may be downloaded from the website or obtained directly from the distributor. 20121220 20110815 NOAA Coral Reef Watch program NOAA Coral Reef Watch Coordinator mailing and physical address

NOAA, E/RA31, SSMC1, Room 5308, 1335 East-West Highway

Silver Spring Maryland 20910-3226 USA 301-713-2857 ext 109 301-713-3136 coralreefwatch@noaa.gov FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 CoRIS: CoRIS_ID: 20110721073025 CoRIS_Children: None CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 20040601 CoRIS_Ending_Date: 99991231 CoRIS_Metadata_Link: http://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/crw_doldrums_25km_xml_2003_format_20110623.html CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 6331 20110815030742 None 20040601 99991231 http://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/crw_doldrums_25km_xml_2003_format_20110811.html 6331