Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), Biogeography Branch Publication_Date: 2011 Title: Processed reflectance surface (5m) derived from airborne LiDAR for Salt River, St Croix, US Virgin Island collected in 2011 Edition: 1st Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Silver Spring, MD Publisher: NOAA's National Ocean Service (NOS), National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) Online_Linkage: http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/products/biogeography/usvi_nps/data/ Description: Abstract: This image represents a LiDAR (Light Detection & Ranging) 5x5 meter resolution relative seafloor reflectivity surface for an area surrounding the mouth of Salt River Bay (SARI), St. Croix in the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI). The image's horizontal coordinate system is NAD83 UTM 20 North. Fugro LADS, in collaboration with NOAA's NOS/NCCOS/CCMA Biogeography Branch, the University of New Hampshire and the National Park Service, acquired bathymetry, relative seafloor reflectivity and hyperspectral imagery in St. Croix from 2/21 to 2/22/2011. Hyperspectral data were acquired using a Hyspex VNIR-1600 sensor. Bathymetry and reflectivity data were acquired using a LADS (Laser Airborne Depth Sounder) Mark II Airborne System from altitudes between 1,200 and 2,200ft at ground speeds between 140 and 175 knots. The 900 Hertz Nd: YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet) laser (1064 nm) acquired 5x5 meter spot spacing and 200% seabed coverage. In total, 1.62 square kilometers of LiDAR relectivity were collected between 0 m and 34 m in depth. Environmental factors such as wind strength and direction, cloud cover, water clarity and depth influenced the area of data acquisition on a daily basis. The data was processed using the LADS Mark II Ground System and data visualization, quality control and final products were created using CARIS HIPS and SIPS and CARIS BASE Editor. All users should individually evaluate the suitability of this data according to their own needs and standards. Purpose: This LiDAR collection is an important effort in an ongoing NOAA scientific research mission in the US Caribbean to characterize nearshore to deep water coral reef habitats at depths down to 1,000 meters. The mission purpose is to better understand the resources within the surveyed reef habitats, and ultimately develop species utilization models linking physical habitats with biological information. The acquired bathymetry, relative seafloor reflectivity, and hyperspectral imagery will be used internally to characterize sea floor topography and to create benthic habitat maps, helping NOAA meet its mapping commitment to the US Coral Reef Task Force. The resulting publicly-distributed data is also a contribution to the greater scientific community interested in the USVI seafloor. Supplemental_Information: Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Depth_System_Definition: Depth_Datum_Name: MLLW Depth_Resolution: Unknown Depth_Distance_Units: meters Depth_Encoding_Method: Explicit depth coordinate included with horizontal coordinates Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20110221 Ending_Date: 20110222 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -64.765070 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -64.736144 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 17.788455 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 17.776742 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NOS Data Explorer Topic Category Theme_Keyword: Remotely Sensed Imagery/Photos Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: Geographic Information > Backscatter Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography > Backscatter Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat > Description Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: USVI Theme_Keyword: US Virgin Islands Theme_Keyword: St. Croix Theme_Keyword: Salt River Bay National Historic Park and Ecological Preserve Theme_Keyword: SARI Theme_Keyword: Backscatter Theme_Keyword: Reflectivity Theme_Keyword: Intensity Theme_Keyword: Lidar Theme_Keyword: LADS Mark II Theme_Keyword: NOAA Theme_Keyword: Biogeography Theme_Keyword: GIS Theme_Keyword: Habitat Theme_Keyword: Benthic Theme_Keyword: NPS Theme_Keyword: Reef Theme_Keyword: IOCM Theme_Keyword: Integrated Ocean and Coastal Mapping Theme_Keyword: Coral Theme_Keyword: Seafloor Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme_Keyword: 006 Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: 007 Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: 008 Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme_Keyword: 010 Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: 014 Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: USVI Place_Keyword: US Virgin Islands Place_Keyword: St. Croix Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > U. S. Virgin Islands > U. S. Virgin Islands > U. S. Virgin Islands (17N064W0000) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > U. S. Virgin Islands > St. Croix > Salt River Bay (17N064W0022) Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea > Virgin Islands > Lesser Antilles > U. S. Virgin Islands (17N064W0000) Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea > Virgin Islands > St. Croix > Salt River Bay (17N064W0022) Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Region Place_Keyword: USVI Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: Seafloor Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Temporal_Keyword: 2011 Access_Constraints: Please cite any use of this data. Use_Constraints: Note: NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATION. These data were prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference therein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Any views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Although all data have been used by NOAA, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by NOAA as to the accuracy of the data and/or related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by NOAA in the use of these data or related materials. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.4000 Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: All users should independently analyze the dataset according to their own needs and standards to determine data usability. Completeness_Report: This GeoTIFF is sourced from a gridded dataset. The original full-resolution Lidar data was used to create a downsampled uniform-resolution surface in CARIS. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: None. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: None. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), Biogeography Branch Publication_Date: Unpublished material Title: Raw Lidar Data Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital data Type_of_Source_Media: external hard drive Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20110221 Ending_Date: 20110222 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Raw Lidar Data Source_Contribution: Original raw full resolution dataset. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), Biogeography Branch Publication_Date: Unpublished material Title: Processed Lidar Data Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital data Type_of_Source_Media: external hard drive Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 201102 Ending_Date: 201103 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Processed Lidar Data Source_Contribution: Processed, cleaned, and corrected full resolution dataset. Sourced from raw LADS data. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), Biogeography Branch Publication_Date: Unpublished material Title: CARIS BASE Surface Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Type_of_Source_Media: external hard drive Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 201102 Ending_Date: 201103 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: BASE Surface Source_Contribution: Downsampled CARIS BASE (Bathymetry Associated with Statistical Error) grid with best reflectivity layer. Sourced from processed HDCS data. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), Biogeography Branch Publication_Date: 2011 Title: GeoTIFF of 5x5 m Relative Reflectivity for Salt River Bay, St. Croix, 2011, UTM 20N NAD83 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Type_of_Source_Media: external hard drive Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 201102 Ending_Date: 201103 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: SARI_Reflect_5m.tif Source_Contribution: Downsampled GeoTIFF raster containing relative reflectivity (intensity) values. These values do not have units given the complexity of modeling losses through the water-column and at the water/air interface. Because the dataset is of relative reflectivity rather than an absolute value for each point, the entire dataset is scaled to ensure the full dynamic range is used over the dataset. This scaling is applied over an entire survey area to ensure dataset consistency. Sourced from CARIS BASE surface. Process_Step: Process_Description: James Guilford and Scott Ramsay from Fugro LADS lead this mapping effort. Hyperspectral data were acquired using a Hyspex VNIR-1600 sensor. Bathymetry and reflectivity data were acquired using a LADS (Laser Airborne Depth Sounder) Mark II Airborne System from altitudes between 1,200 and 2,200ft at ground speeds between 140 and 175 knots. The 900 Hertz Nd: YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet) laser (1064 nm) acquired 5x5 meter spot spacing and 200% seabed coverage. Green laser pulses are scanned beneath the aircraft in a rectilinear pattern. The pulses are reflected from the land, sea surface, within the water column and from the seabed. The height of the aircraft is determined by the infrared laser return, which is supplemented by the inertial height from the Attitude and Heading Reference System and GPS height. Real-time positioning is obtained by an Ashtech GG24 GPS receiver combined with Wide Area DGPS (Differential Global Positioning System) provided by the Fugro Omnistar to provide a differentially corrected position. Ashtech Z12 GPS receivers are also provided as part of the Airborne System and Ground Systems to log KGPS (Kinetic Global Positioning System) data on the aircraft and at a locally established GPS (Global Positioning System) base station. Process_Date: 2011 Process_Step: Process_Description: The reflectivity of an LADS pulse is a measure of the amount of energy reflected from the seabed for each individual laser pulse at the wavelength of the laser, 532nm (green/blue). The basic difference between processing an ALB waveform for depth and for reflectivity is that depth processing focuses on the leading edge of the return waveform, whereas reflectivity requires integration of the entire return pulse. Each sounding is assessed for suitability. Dry soundings and soundings in very shallow water are not processed for reflectivity. Each sounding is normalized for the electronic gain applied to the photo multiplier tube to which the received laser energy is optically routed. The gain-normalized return waveform is then analyzed to determine energy returning from the seabed. Integration of the waveform from the seabed will produce a numerical value of reflectivity. To ensure that this value accurately and meaningfully describes variation in seabed reflectivity several parameters must be taken into consideration. Energy is lost from the pulses transmitted from the aircraft. These losses include the air/water interface and those through the water column, and any system specific losses such as optical filtering and receiver field of view. Reflectivity value, calculated for each pulse, is the ratio between the received energy normalized for the losses described and the transmitted energy. Once a relative reflectivity value has been calculated, further statistical cleaning to remove outliers is completed. Because the dataset is of relative reflectivity rather than an absolute value for each point, the entire dataset is scaled to ensure the full dynamic range is used over the dataset. This scaling is applied over an entire survey area to ensure dataset consistency (Collins et al. 2007). Collins et al. 2007 is available online here: http://www.fugrolads.com/datasheets/Hydro_Intl_LiDAR_Seabed_Classification.pdf Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Processed Lidar Data Process_Date: 2011 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Row_Count: 265 Column_Count: 611 Vertical_Count: 1 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 20 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -63.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: Row and Column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 5.000000 Ordinate_Resolution: 5.000000 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), Biogeography Branch Contact_Position: Contact info is for CCMA general reception. Please ask for the project manager of Seafloor Characterization of the U.S. Caribbean Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 1305 East West Highway, N-SCI-1, SSMC 4, 9th Floor City: Silver Spring State_or_Province: MD Postal_Code: 20910 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (301) 713-3028 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (301) 713-4384 Contact_Instructions: Contact info is for CCMA general reception. Please ask for the project manager of Seafloor Characterization of the U.S. Caribbean Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: These data were prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference therein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Any views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Although all data have been used by NOAA, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by NOAA as to the accuracy of the data and/or related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by NOAA in the use of these data or related materials. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GeoTIFF Transfer_Size: 0.32 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://coastalscience.noaa.gov/datasets/ccma/biogeo/usvi_nps/2011/lidar/sari_reflect_5m.zip Fees: None Available_Time_Period: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 201102 Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20121220 Metadata_Review_Date: 20120126 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: NOAA/NOS/NCCOS/CCMA Biogeography Branch Contact_Person: Project Manager - Seafloor Characterization of the U.S. Caribbean Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 1305 East West Highway, N-SCI-1, SSMC 4, 9th Floor City: Silver Spring State_or_Province: MD Postal_Code: 20910 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (301) 713-3028 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: Local Time Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html ESRI Metadata Profile Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html ESRI Metadata Profile Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html ESRI Metadata Profile Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html ESRI Metadata Profile CoRIS: CoRIS_ID: 20120126072513 CoRIS_Children: None CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 20110221 CoRIS_Ending_Date: 20110222 CoRIS_Metadata_Link: http://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/metadata_sari_reflect_5m.html CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 6445