Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: State of Hawaii, Office of Planning Publication_Date: 20071130 Title: Impervious Surfaces, Island of Hawaii Edition: 1 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote sensing image Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Charleston, SC Publisher: NOAA's Ocean Service, Coastal Services Center (CSC) Online_Linkage: http://www.csc.noaa.gov/digitalcoast Online_Linkage: ftp://ftp.csc.noaa.gov/pub/crs/ccap/high_res/HI/hi_hawaii_2005_ccap_hr_impervious.zip Description: Abstract: This data set identifies impervious surfaces on the island of Hawaii. Impervious surfaces have been extracted using semi-automated methods from high resolution imagery. Purpose: To create a baseline inventory of impervious surfaces which can be utilized by state and local resource managers to assess the impacts precipitation events on water quality and flooding. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: Unknown Currentness_Reference: publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -156.076916 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -154.804138 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 20.323055 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 18.859444 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: Geographic Information > Habitats Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Coastal Habitat Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Mapping Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Remote Sensing Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme_Keyword: 010 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Remotely Sensed Imagery/Photography Theme_Keyword: Impervious Surface Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii Island > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003) Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Hawaii Place_Keyword: Hawaiian Islands Place_Keyword: Central Pacific Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Region Place_Keyword: MHI Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Although every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of information, errors and conditions originating from physical sources used to develop the State of Hawaii GIS database may be reflected in the data supplied. The user must be aware of data conditions and bear responsibility for the appropriate use of the information with respect to possible errors, original map scale, collection methodology, currency of data, and other conditions specific to certain data. The GIS data or cartographic digital files are not a legal representation of any of the features which they depict. No warranty expressed or implied is made by State of Hawaii GIS program regarding the accuracy or utility of this information. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: State of Hawaii, Office of Planning Contact_Person: Joan Delos Santos Contact_Position: Systems Analyst, GIS Program Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: P.O. Box 2359 City: Honolulu State_or_Province: Hawaii Postal_Code: 96804 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 587 2895 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 587 2899 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jdelos_santos@dbedt.hawaii.gov Hours_of_Service: 7:45 am to 4:30 pm HST, M-F Data_Set_Credit: Sanborn455 E. Eisenhower Parkway, Suite 270Ann Arbor, Michigan48108 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.2.1350 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Treating the map as a binary or single class scheme, impervious/pervious, allows for a simpler sampling technique than a traditional thematic land cover assessment. For this product, Sanborn developed an efficient procedure to assess accuracy of the impervious classification. The desired accuracy is at least 85% for the impervious/pervious map of Hawaii. The approach described here tested the map for an accuracy of 90% for a MMU of 0.06 acre. Since Sanborn was working with a two-case situation they only needed to know whether the classification was right or wrong, a binomial distribution was used to calculate the sample size. Using that assumption, Sanborn used Ginevan (1979) who illustrated a sampling method using stratified random points that satisfies three criteria:1. The scheme should have a low probability of accepting a map of low accuracy.2. It should have a high probability of accepting a map of high accuracy.3. It should require a minimum number of ground truth samples.Using the look-up table given in the paper that presents the required sample size for a given minimum error and a desired level of confidence, Sanborn determined the specific number of points that are required to meet the accuracy specification. To validate a map to determine if it meets a thematic accuracy of 90%, with a 95% confidence level (a 95% confidence interval means the chance of 1 in 20 of rejecting a map that is actually correct), the minimum number of sites required was 298; with the map being rejected if more than 21 are misclassified.In order to compensate for the rarity of impervious surfaces over a large portion of the Hawaii landscape, the approach was to create 3 strata layers in order to limit the selection process to areas of likely impervious, and produce a map that accurately assesses the usefulness of the map to the user.Strata 1: Impervious FeaturesThis strata layer is based on the actual classification of impervious features.Strata 2: Distance buffer from impervious mapThe presence of impervious surfaces are correlated with other impervious features, and are likely to occur near other impervious features. A distance map based on a buffer of 250 m will be used to sample from.Strata 3: Remaining un-sampled area.Each of the strata was sampled to build an assessment database that exceeds the required minimum of 298 assessment points. The goal for the division of accuracy assessment points was an approximate 50:50 (impervious:pervious) stratification. The break down is as follows.Table 1: Sampling breakdown based on strata layer.Strata Layer Percentage of Total Samples Target Number of SamplesImpervious Classification 50 >149Distance From Impervious feature Mask 25 >75Remaining Un-sampled Area 25 >74Areas of impervious or where impervious surfaces are expected were biased in the sampling structure. Once the samples are collected, labeling and quality control procedures were completed on the samples to create a final accuracy database.The result was a simplified confusion matrix where only two classes are categorized. An overall accuracy statement can be made by summing the correct accuracy locations and deriving a percentage relative to the total number of accuracy points.ReferencesCongalton, R.G., Kass Green 1999. Assessing the accuracy of remotely sensed data: principles and practices. CRC/Lewis Press, Boca Raton, FL. (In Press)Congalton, R. G. and R. D. Macleod. 1998. A quantitative comparison of change-detection algorithms for monitoring eelgrass from remotely sensed data. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing. Vol. 64, No. 3, March 1998, pp. 207-216.Ginevan, M.E. 1979. Testing land-use map accuracy: another look. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 45(10): 1371-1377. Quantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment: Attribute_Accuracy_Value: 95.6% Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation: I P Grand TotalI 104 5 109P 2 181 183Grand Total 106 186 285 Logical_Consistency_Report: Tests for logical consistency indicate that all row and column positions in the selected latitude/longitude window contain data. Conversion and integration with vector files indicates that all positions are consistent with earth coordinates covering the same area. Attribute files are logically consistent. Completeness_Report: Data set is complete. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Accuracy dependant on source data Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Not applicable Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Sanborn. www.sanborn.com. Publication_Date: 20080310 Title: Island of Hawaii Impervious Surfaces Map. Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Honolulu, HI Publisher: State of Hawaii, Office of Planning Online_Linkage: http://www.hawaii.gov/dbedt/gis/download.htm Type_of_Source_Media: ArcInfo coverage file Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: unknown Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: COAST Source_Contribution: Original source coverage from which data layer was clipped to Hawaii. Process_Step: Process_Description: This dataset was created by the Sanborn Mapping Company. The impervious surface classification is based on high resolution multispectral imagery. The study area for the project was the island of Hawaii, U.S. Hawaiian Island Chain.Automated Classification:The first step in the classification methodology involved incorporating automated techniques. Sanborn analysts utilized the Feature Analyst software extension to extract impervious surfaces from the igh resolution multispectral imagery. This was performed by providing the software with photo-interpreted polygon examples which "train" the software's learning mechanism to recognize impervious surface features for extraction from the imagery. The software then provides the user with an automated output which can be accepted by the analyst or retrained for an improved result. This automated output captures a large percentage of the existing impervious surface features within the imagery but does not meet the required accuracy.Classes0 - Pervious1 - Impervious Process_Date: 20071130 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: State of Hawaii, Office of Planning Contact_Person: Joan Delos Santos Contact_Position: Systems Analyst, GIS Program Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: P.O. Box 2359 City: Honolulu State_or_Province: HI Postal_Code: 96804 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 587 2895 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 587 2899 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jdelos_santos@dbedt.hawaii.gov Hours_of_Service: 7:45 am to 4:30 pm HST, M-F Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Row_Count: 66813 Column_Count: 54870 Vertical_Count: 1 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 4 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -159.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: Row and Column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 2.400000 Ordinate_Resolution: 2.400000 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Layer_1 Entity_Type_Definition: Island of Hawaii delineated by high resolution multispectral imagery. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: unknown Attribute: Attribute_Label: Value Attribute_Definition: 0 or 1 indicates whether pixel is impervious or not. Attribute_Definition_Source: State of Hawaii, Impervious Mapping Project. Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0 Pervious Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Features which allow infiltration from precipitation. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: State of Hawaii, Impervious Mapping Project. Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1 Impervious Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Anthropogenic features such as buildings, parking lots and roads developed from asphalt, concrete or other constructed surfaces which do not allow infiltration from precipitation. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: State of Hawaii, Impervious Mapping Project. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: NOAA Coastal Services Center Contact_Person: Clearinghouse Manager Contact_Position: Clearinghouse Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2234 South Hobson Avenue City: Charleston State_or_Province: SC Postal_Code: 29405-2413 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (843)740-1210 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (843)740-1224 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: clearinghouse@noaa.gov Hours_of_Service: Monday-Friday, 8-5 EST Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: Users must assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ERDAS Imagine image file (.img) File_Decompression_Technique: ESRI Run-length encoding Transfer_Size: 30 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://www.csc.noaa.gov/digitalcoast/data/coastal-change-analysis-program-high-resolution-land-cover/download Offline_Option: Offline_Media: CD-ROM Recording_Format: ISO 9660 Compatibility_Information: ISO 9660 format allows the CD-ROMto be read by most computer operating systems. Fees: none Available_Time_Period: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: unknown Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20121220 Metadata_Review_Date: 20100924 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: State of Hawaii, Office of Planning Contact_Person: Joan Delos Santos Contact_Position: Systems Analyst, GIS Program Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: P.O. Box 2359 City: Honolulu State_or_Province: Hawaii Postal_Code: 96804 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 587 2895 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 587 2899 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jdelos_santos@dbedt.hawaii.gov Hours_of_Service: 7:45 am to 4:30 pm HST, M-F Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: Local Time Online_Linkage: http://www.ncddc.noaa.gov/metadataresource/metadata-references/files/ncddcmdprofile_v2.pdf Content Specification for Metadata in the National Coastal Data Development Center's Data Catalog Version 2.0 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html ESRI Metadata Profile CoRIS: CoRIS_ID: 20100924034341 CoRIS_Children: None CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 00010101 CoRIS_Ending_Date: 99991231 CoRIS_Metadata_Link: http://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/ccap_2005_hi_hawiia_imp.html CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 4997