Summer 2004 Coral Bleaching Event on Tutuila, American Samoa (NODC Accession 0001955)

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Summer 2004 Coral Bleaching Event on Tutuila, American Samoa (NODC Accession 0001955)
Abstract:
American Samoa's coral reefs have been impacted by a variety of major events, including periodic severe hurricanes, the most recent of which was Hurricane Heta, which was closest on Jan 6, 2004. Other events have included a Crown-of-Thorns seastar outbreak in 1974 and night scuba spearfishing from 1994-2002. Mass coral bleaching occurred in 1994 and then again in the summers of 2002 and 2003, and the bleaching was severe enough to kill some corals. Bi-weekly surveys were made of the reefs at Airport Lagoon. During the peak of the summer bleaching, surveys were made at five other locations. The data given with this data set refer to the percent corals bleached within the survey area.
Supplemental_Information:
NOAA Supplemental:Entry_ID: Unknown Sensor_Name: SCUBA Source_Name: manual Project_Campaign: coral bleaching Originating_Center: Dept Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa Storage_Medium: MS Word and Excel Online_size: 100 kbytes

Resource Description: NODC Accession Number 0001955

  1. How should this data set be cited?

    Fenner, Douglas, Unpublished material, Summer 2004 Coral Bleaching Event on Tutuila, American Samoa (NODC Accession 0001955).

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -170.8500
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -170.5500
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: -14.2500
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: -14.3833

  3. What does it look like?

  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

    Beginning_Date: 10-Dec-2003
    Ending_Date: 05-Dec-2004
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition

  5. What is the general form of this data set?

  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?

    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?

    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?

  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    Original data received in MS Excel spreadsheet in file, ../../data/Bleaching.xls. A redundant ASCII copy was placed in ../../data/Bleaching.csv.The original report was provided in MS Word,../../data/2004_Bleaching_report.docwith a redundant ASCII copy in../../data/2004_Bleaching_report.txt
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)

  2. Who also contributed to the data set?

    Dept Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa

  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?

    Douglas Fenner
    Dept Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa
    Chief Biologist
    PO Box 3730
    Pago Pago, American Samoa 96799
    USA

    684 633 4456 (voice)
    douglasfenner@yahoo.com

Why was the data set created?

To understand the annual cycle and status in 2004 of coral bleaching at Airport Lagoon, American Samoa.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?

    Craig and others, 2001 (source 1 of 3)
    Craig, P., Birkeland, C., and Belliveau, S., 2001, High temperatures tolerated by a diverse assemblage of shallow-water corals in American Samoa: Coral Reefs 20: 185-189.

    Type_of_Source_Media: paper
    Source_Contribution: temperature study

    Goreau and Hayes, 1994 (source 2 of 3)
    Goreau, T. J. , and Hayes, R. L. , 1994, A survey of coral reef bleaching in the south central Pacific during 1994.

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Report to Coral Reef Intiative, U.S. Dept of State. 118 pp, 54 figures.
    Type_of_Source_Media: paper
    Source_Contribution: coral reef bleaching study

    Green, 2002 (source 3 of 3)
    Green, A., 2002, Status of coral reefs on the main volcanic islands of American Samoa: a resurvey of long term monitoring sites (benthic communities, fish communities, and key macroinvertebrates).

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Report to Dept. Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa. 86 pp.
    Type_of_Source_Media: paper
    Source_Contribution: coral reef status study

  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

    Date: Unknown (process 1 of 1)
    The percentage of bleached colonies was estimated visually and mentally following a roughly one-hour swim in the lagoon along roughly the same path. The swimming rate was steady and moderate for a SCUBA diver wearing fins. This method results in course resolution. Accuracy subjectly estimated at 10-20%. Craig, P., Birkeland C, Belliveau S. 2001. High temperatures tolerated by a diverse assemblage of shallow-water corals in American Samoa. Coral Reefs 20: 185-189. Goreau, T. J., and Hayes, R. L. 1994. A survey of coral reef bleaching in the south central Pacific during 1994. Report to Coral Reef Intiative, U.S. Dept of State. 118 pp, 54 figures. Green, A. 2002. Status of coral reefs on the main volcanic islands of American Samoa: a resurvey of long term monitoring sites (benthic communities, fish communities, and key macroinvertebrates). Report to Dept. Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa. 86 pp.

    Person who carried out this activity:

    Douglas Fenner
    Dept Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa
    Chief Biologist
    PO Box 3730
    Pago Pago, American Samoa 96799
    USA

    684 633 4456 (voice)
    douglasfenner@yahoo.com

  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?

  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?

  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?

  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?

    none

  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?

    see lineage, process step

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
NOAA and NODC would appreciate recognition as the resource from which these data were obtained in any publications and/or other representations of these data.

  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)

    NOAA/NESDIS/National Oceanographic Data Center
    Attn: Data Access Group, User Services Team
    SSMC-3 Fourth Floor
    Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282
    USA

    301-713-3277 (voice)
    301-713-3302 (FAX)
    services@nodc.noaa.gov

    Hours_of_Service: 8am-5pm, Monday through Friday
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

    Downloadable Data

  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

    NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NODC cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system.

  4. How can I download or order the data?

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 20-Dec-2012
Last Reviewed: 13-Nov-2008
To be reviewed: 01-Aug-2006
Metadata author:
Mr. Patrick C. Caldwell
NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC
Hawaii/US Pacific Liaison
1000 Pope Road, MSB 316
Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
USA

(808)-956-4105 (voice)
(808) 956-2352 (FAX)
caldwell@hawaii.edu

Hours_of_Service: 8 AM to 5 PM weekdays
Contact_Instructions: check services@nodc.noaa.gov if not available
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)

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