Grain Size Distribution and Fate of Transplanted Corals at Kawaihae, Hawaii: Field work of 1996-1997 (NODC Accession 0001141)

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What does this data set describe?

Title:
Grain Size Distribution and Fate of Transplanted Corals at Kawaihae, Hawaii: Field work of 1996-1997 (NODC Accession 0001141)
Abstract:
A harbor expansion was planned in the early 1990s for Kawaihae, Hawaii on the northwest shore of the Big Island. To offset the habitat loss, select corals were transplanted. This study looked at the effects of sedimentation on the transplanted and non-transplanted corals of this high wave region. Eight experimental transplant station were set up, each with four sediment traps. An offshore gradient was established with sites selected from shallow to deep water and in various environments, including areas believed to have a high potential for damage associated with harbor construction (particularly increased sedimentation), to distant sites with a low potential for direct damage, and areas that presumably would be impacted by storm surf. Fate of transplanted coral colonies were recorded as percent in each of four classes: healthy, covered with filamentous overgrowth, bleached or dead. These data were published in a PhD Dissertation (Te, 2000)
Supplemental_Information:
NOAA Supplemental: Entry_ID: UnknownSensor_Name: SCUBA, visual census Sensor_Name: PVC core samplers Sensor_Name: USA Standard Testing Sieve: A.S.T.M.E.-11 specifications with opening diameters of 500 um and 63 um)Project_Campaign: Coral Transplant Study Originating_Center: Hawaii Institue of Marine Biology Storage_Medium: MS Word and ASCII Online_size: 695 Kbytes

Resource Description: NODC Accession Number 0001141

  1. How should this data set be cited?

    Tan, Dr. Franklyn Te, Zoology, Department of , University of Hawaii at Manoa, Jokiel, Dr. Paul , Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, F., Dr. Evelyn Cox, and Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, Unpublished material, Grain Size Distribution and Fate of Transplanted Corals at Kawaihae, Hawaii: Field work of 1996-1997 (NODC Accession 0001141).

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -155.83
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -155.82
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 20.04
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 20.03

  3. What does it look like?

  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

    Beginning_Date: 17-Apr-1996
    Beginning_Time: 0800
    Ending_Date: 13-Aug-1997
    Ending_Time: 1500
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition

  5. What is the general form of this data set?

  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?

    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?

    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?

  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    Files provided as MS WORD documents.Redundant copies of the MS WORD tables were placedin directory data/txt. Below, only the root namewithout the extention is given.List of files ContentsCHAPTER3 Complete chapter from dissertation (Te, 2000)Table3_1 Grain size distriubution (percent by dry weight)for materials collected from sediment traps in Februaryand June and in bulk samples from surrounding softsubtratum at each station.Table3_2 Second Series Transplantation (date oftransplantation, 17 April 96). Fate of coloniesas percent in each of four classes: healthy, coveredwith filamentous overgrowth, bleached or dead.stations.txt Cut from CHAPTER3.doc and contains site descriptions.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
    Te, F.T., 2000. Responses of Hawaiian Scleractinian corals to different
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
    levels of terrestrial and carbonate sediment. Ph.D. dissertation.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Department of Zoology, University of Hawaii.Honolulu, Hawaii.

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)

  2. Who also contributed to the data set?

    Hawaii Institute for Marine Biology Department of Zoology University of Hawaii

  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?

    Dr. Franklyn Tan Te
    Florida International University
    professor
    Marine Biology Program
    North Miami, Florida 33181
    USA

    305-919-5964 (voice)
    tefrank@fiu.edu

Why was the data set created?

Studies were directed at the feasibility of using coral transplantation as a mitigation measure to offset loss of habitat caused by harbor construction.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?

    Craft and others (1991) (source 1 of 6)
    Craft, C. B. , Seneca, E.D., and Broome, S.W., 1991, Loss on ignition and Kjeldahl digestion for estimating organic Carbon and total Nitrogen in estuarine marsh soils: Calibration with dry combustion: Estuaries 14:175-179.

    Type_of_Source_Media: paper
    Source_Contribution: estuarine soil study

    Gardner (1980) (source 2 of 6)
    Gardner, W. D. , 1980, Sediment trap dynamics and calibration: a laboratory evaluation: J. Mar. Res. ..

    Type_of_Source_Media: paper
    Source_Contribution: sediment trap study

    Gardner (1980) (source 3 of 6)
    Gardner, W. D. , 1980, Field assessment of sediment traps: J. Mar. Res..

    Type_of_Source_Media: paper
    Source_Contribution: sediment trap study

    McManus (1988) (source 4 of 6)
    McManus, J., 1980, Grain size determination and interpretation. pp. 63-85: IN M. Tucker ed., Techniques in Sedimentology. Blackwell Scientific Publications. Oxford England..

    Type_of_Source_Media: paper
    Source_Contribution: sediment study

    Parker (1983) (source 5 of 6)
    Parker, J.G., 1983, A comparison of methods used for the measurement of organic matter in marine sediment: Chem. Ecol..

    Type_of_Source_Media: paper
    Source_Contribution: methods comparison

    Te (2000) (source 6 of 6)
    Te, F.T., 2000, Responses of Hawaiian Scleractinian corals to different levels of terrestrial and carbonate sediment. Ph.D. dissertation: Department of Zoology, University of Hawaii.Honolulu Hawaii..

    Type_of_Source_Media: paper
    Source_Contribution: coral study

  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

    Date: Unknown (process 1 of 1)
    Large-scale transplant method Divers first placed 1 m x 1 m squares of chicken wire (5 cm mesh) on the substrate adjacent to the collection site. A float was tied on one end of a 25 m line and a large spring clip tied to the opposite end. The line was clipped onto to one corner of the chicken wire mesh, serving as a visual marker for the divers. This line was used later to haul the corals off the bottom. Divers then moved corals and placed them on the chicken wire. Most corals were loosely attached to the substratum or rested on unconsolidated material and were easily moved. Occasionally, a sledgehammer was used to loosen corals that were too large or firmly attached.When the chicken wire was amply covered with coral, divers secured the four corners with the clip, forming a sling. The divers then returned to the boat and completed the operation with no personnel in the water. When all personnel were safely out of the water, the boat engines were started and the boat maneuvered alongside of the floats. The float was retrieved, and the two or more persons hauled the bags off the bottom.The bags were hoisted close to the surface, and the lines were tied off on cleats. Generally four bags of corals were carried on each boat trip. The boat slowly transported the corals to the transplant sites. Bags were lowered to the bottom, and the floats thrown clear of the boat, after which time the boat was anchored and secured. Divers then entered the water to set up the transplant stations. Corals remained fully immersed in water throughout the operation. All of the corals moved in this operation were massive colonies typical of high water motion environments. These corals can be handled with little or no breakage. Much more care would have been required if we were transplanting delicate species. Establishment of the eight transplant plots: The position of each transplant site was established using sightings on prominent land features. At each experimental site, a 2.5 m x 2.5 m squareof wire mesh was firmly attached to the bottom using stakes cut from steelreinforcing rod and large nails. Corals were then placed and secured to the grid with wire. Four sediment traps were attached to stakes at each site. Photographs and video were taken and used to compile detailed maps of the corals located at each transplant site. These maps were subsequently used by divers to monitor survivorship of corals. A total of 47 bags of coral were moved. Bags are estimated to weigh between 45 and 70 kg buoyant weight. Taking an average of 58 kg, an estimated 2,700 kg buoyant weight was moved. The ratio between buoyant weight and wet weight for Porites compressa, one of the dominant species in the area, was calculated to be 2.76. Thus approximately 7,500 kg (16,000 lbs) wet weight was moved. Monitoring of transplant plots at approximately monthly intervals (depending on weather andsurf conditions) the plots were visually sampled for condition of corals. Depth of sediments at the 35 Ft. and 45 Ft. sites was measured using permanent stakes. Sediment traps were replaced and the contents analyzed. Sediment Sampling Polyvinylchloride plastic (PVC) cylindrical pipes, interior diameter 5.2 cm, were used as sediment traps. The recommended diameter to length ratio of 1:3 (Gardner 1980a, b) was used. Four traps were deployed at each site, with one placed on each corner of the 2.5 x 2.5 m wire grid, with the mouth of the traps held 30 cm above the substrate with plastic stands. Trap contents were collected at roughly monthly intervals by capping the open tops of the traps and bringing the unit to the surface. Sediments were collected on pre-weighed filters and air dried to a constant weight. Bulk samples, characteristic of the benthic substratum, were collected at each site in November 1996. Scoop samples of approximately 50 g were collected from the top 10 cm of the substratum at each site. Sediment Analyses: Grain Size Analysis: Samples were homogenized and wet filtered through a large mesh sieve (2.8 mm) to remove small rocks. The remaining material was wet filtered through sieves representing gravel (>500 um), coarse sands (between 500 and 250 um), fine sands (between 250 and 63 um), and silt (<63 um) (McManus, 1988). Sieved materials were collectedon pre-weighed filters and dried to a constant weight. The proportion of material in each size class was determined. Organic and Carbonate Fraction Samples were dried and homogenized. Sub samples of approximately 10 g were dried at 60 deg C for 8 hours, and then ashed at 500 deg C for 12 hours. Organic fraction is expressed as Losson Ignition (LOI). The samples where then ashed at 1000 deg C for 4 hours to break down the carbonate (Parker, 1983; Craft et al.,1991). Sediment Mobility: Depth of the sediments at the 35 Ft. and 45 Ft. sites were measured monthly using permanent stakes. Two stakes were installed at each site: one close to the existing hard coral substratum and one centrally located within the sand channel.

    Person who carried out this activity:

    Dr. Franklyn Tan Te
    Florida International University
    professor
    Marine Biology Program
    North Miami, Florida 33181
    USA

    305-919-5964 (voice)
    tefrank@fiu.edu

    Data sources used in this process:
    • Craft, 1991
    • Gardner, 1980
    • Gardner, 1980
    • Parker, 1983
    • Te, 2000

  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?

  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?

  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?

  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?

    none

  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?

    See Lineage - Process Step

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
NOAA and NODC would appreciate recognition as the resource from which these data were obtained in any publications and/or other representations of these data.

  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)

    NOAA/NESDIS/National Oceanographic Data Center
    Attn: Data Access Group, User Services Team
    SSMC-3 Fourth Floor
    Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282
    USA

    301-713-3277 (voice)
    301-713-3302 (FAX)
    services@nodc.noaa.gov

    Hours_of_Service: 8am-5pm, Monday through Friday
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

    Downloadable Data

  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

    NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NODC cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system.

  4. How can I download or order the data?

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 20-Dec-2012
Last Reviewed: 28-Oct-2008
Metadata author:
Mr. Patrick C. Caldwell
NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC
Hawaii/US Pacific Liaison
1000 Pope Road, MSB 316
Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
USA

(808)-956-4105 (voice)
(808) 956-2352 (FAX)
caldwell@hawaii.edu

Hours_of_Service: 8 AM to 5 PM weekdays
Contact_Instructions: check services@nodc.noaa.gov if not available
Metadata standard:
FGDC CSDGM (FGDC-STD-001-1998)

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